2) In daytime, go by the sun. As a general rule, it rises in the east and sets in the west, though somewhat to the south of these directions, depending on the time of year. At noon it will be due south: and you can tell it's noon by measuring the shadow cast by a stick or other suitable object. The shadow is at its shortest (and pointing due North) at noon.
3) if you're going along the Great North Road, you're going North. Or South. Carry on until someone stops you, and ask them which way you're going.